Botanical Name : Crataeva nurvala Buch.-Ham.
Family : Capparidaceae
Introduction :
Recently proved that this drug could use hepatomegaly & spleenomegaly.
Names in different Indian languages :
English : Three leaved caper
Hindi : Barun, barna
Kannada : Nirvala, bilapatri, narumbele
Malayalam : Nirmatalam, nirval
Sanskrit : Varuna
Tamil : Maavilingam, varanam
Telugu : Vivapatri, usikmanu
Unani : Baranaa
Synonyms :
Varana, Barnaa, Setu, Ashmarighna, Kumaarak, Tiktashaaka.
Crataeva magna (Lour.) DC
Classification according to Charaka, Susrutha & Vagbhata :
Charaka
Tikta skañdha
Susrutha
Varunädi, Vata Samamana, Kaph Samamana
Vagbhata
Varunädi
Varieties & adulterants – (CV – controversy, AD – adulterants) :
Crateva adansonii
Morphology :
Medium sized tree
Leaves– tri foliate, lanceolate or obovate
Flowers-terminal corymbs,ovate , acute
Fruit– globose, berry, woody
Seed– embedded in pulp, brown
Distribution & Habitat :
All over India especially Madhya Pradesh, Bengal, Assam, Malabar
Chemical constituents :
Lupeol
Properties :
RASA-kashaya, madhur, tikta
GUNA-laghu
VIRYA-ushna
VIPAKA-katu
Karma :
krimighna, vataghnam, hridyam, raktadosha haram,
Diuretic, carminative, laxative, digestive
Indication :
Kusta, Prameha, Netra Roga, Krimi, gulma, urinary disorders, including urolithiasis, prostatic hypertrophy, neurogenic bladder, urinary infections
Part used :
Whole plant
Phala Majjä (fruit pulp), Bija (Seeds), Bija Taila (seed oil)
Dosage :
Leaf juice 10-15 ml
Powder 2-4 g
Decoction 50-100 ml
Oil— about l0 ml for sodhana procedures;
seed powder- 1 to 5g.
External uses :
Bark powder applied on the skin- used in inflammation, abscess and lymphadenopathy,
Internal uses :
Digestive System : Uses in distension, agnimandya, pain, liver diseases and worms.
Circulatory System : The decoction of the bark is used for purification of blood, gout, internal abscess and lyrnphadenopathy
Urinary System : It destroys urinary calculi, dysuria and pain inhibiter. Its bark or decoction of the roots is used in these disorders.
Temperature : Its paste application is done on the forehead to reduce giddiness in fever.
Satmikaran : Juice of leaves is used as nutritious.
Important Yogas or Formations :
Varunadi quath. Varuadi Ghrit, Varunadi Tailam.
Important research work going on :
1. Action on cardiac system
2. Action against worms.
Therapeutic Uses :’
(1) Netra roga— Pulp of Tuvaraka fruit, rock salt and Srotañjana are made as coal by Antardhuma process first. Then the oil is mixed with it and applied as eye ointment in Arma roga.
(2) Rasayana- oil is used as Rasayana (A.H. Ut.32)