Sanskrit name: Paribhadra
Botanical name: Erythrina variegata
Family name: Fabaceae (Pea family), Papilionaceae (Shimbi Kula)
Identification No.- SDACH/HG/239
Vernacular names
English name– Indian Koral tree, Indian Coral Tree, Tiger’s Claw, Lenten tree
Hindi name– Pharhada, Farhad, Pangra, mahamed, mandar, pangra,
Kannada name – Halivana, Haaluvana
Malayalam name – Mulmurukku
Gujarati name – Pararu, paanarvo
Assamese name – madaar
Telugu name– Badida Chettu, Badachipa Chettu, w badidepuchettu, muchchekarra
Bengali name– Palte Madar, mandaara
Marathi name– Pangara
Nepalese name – mandar, phaledo
Synonyms-
पारिभद्रो निम्बतरुर्मन्दारः पारिजातकः । पारिभद्रोऽनिलश्लेष्मशोथमेदः कृमिप्रणुत् । तत्पत्रं पित्तरोगघ्नं कर्णव्याधिविनाशनम् ।।१००।। Bhav Prakash
Classification
Kaiyadeva Nighantu – Oshadhi Varga
Bhav Prakash – guduchaydi varga
Raja Nighantu – Shalmalyadi Varga
Habitat & Distribution: The plants can be found in almost all states of India.
Morphology- Medium size tree(60ft.)
Bark – is yellowish or greyish and shiny.
Leaves – are trifoliated and alternate.
Flowers– are reddish and large in size.
Fruits – are oblong and appear in March and April month.
Seeds– are kidney shape and are found in 12 in no. Oval, uncutuous red and brown.
Varieties: Erythrina suberosa and Erythrina stricta
Substitute/ Adulterant: Erythrina suberosa and Erythrina stricta are reported to be used as substitute for Erythrina variegata.
Erythrina variegata has been identified as an adulterant for the Ayurvedic drug Rohitaka.
Phytochemicals: Erthyraline, Erysovine, Erthrartine, erysotine, erythratidine, epierythratidine, Hypaphorine, 8 spiroamine alkaloids, flavones, Osajin, Erythrinins A,B,C, sterols in bark.
Raspanchaka
Rasa – Katu, Tikta, Guna – Laghu, Veerya – Ushna
Vipaka– Katu, prabhava– Kapha vata shamak, dosha shamakta– Kapha vata shamak
Karma– Karnya,
Rogaghnata- Karnya,shothhara, vrnashodhana, aartavjanana, mutrajanana
Kaphavatticvikara, aruchi, jwar, mutrakrchha.
Amayika Prayoga/Therapeutic Uses
External: Sothahara, Vranshodhan, Karnya roghan
Internal: Being Bitter in taste it acts as a blood purifier, indicated in Syphilis, induce menstrual bleeding, so indicated in dysmenorrhea, loss of libido etc., Help for the elimination of vitiated kapha dosha, Indicated in Cough, eing bitter and hot, it stimulates taste buds, carminative, digestive, facilitates movement of doshas in proper direction, reduces cramp, Anti-microbial, and stimulates bile production.
Part used: Stem bark, Leaf, flower
Dose: Stem Decoction 50-100 ml; fresh juice 10-20 ml,
Yoga/Formulations: Narayana tail, paribhdravleha
IUCN Status- List Concern
Research updates- Anti microbial activity of stem extracts – Antimicrobial activity of methanolic, chloroform, hexane and aqueous stem extracts of Erythrina variegata were analysed against bacterial pathogens such as Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, etc and fungal pathogens viz. Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida sp. etc. Among all the strains, few strains like Serratia marcescens, E. coli, Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus circulans were found to be more susceptible strains and among all the solvent extracts methanol showed promising antimicrobial activity. The results obtained in this study suggested that the stem extract of Erythrina variegate L. have high potential for use in the treatment of diseases caused by these test organisms.
