Sanskrit name: Dhumrapatra, Kitamari, Nakuli
Botanical name: Aristolochia bracteaea
Family name: Aristolochiaceae (Ishwari kula)
Identification No.-SDACH/HG/232
Vernacular names
Hindi name – Kitamar
English name- Bracteated birthwort, Pipewine
Bengali name – Kiramar, Patuvanga
Gujarathi name- Kiramar
Kannada name – Adu Muttada gida
Malayalam name- Aduthinnappalai
Marathi name – Kidamar
Oriya name- Paniri
Tamil name – Aduthinnarppalai
Telugu name – Gadide, Gadaparaku
Urdu name- Paniri
Deccan – Gandan, Gandati
Synonyms– Dhumrapatra, Kitamari, Nakuli
कटुपर्णी हैमवती हेमक्षीरी हिमावती । हेमाह्वा पीतदुग्धा च तन्मूलं चोकमुच्यते ॥१७६॥ Bhavaprakash
Classification
Bhavaprakash- Haritakayadi varga
Habitat & Distribution: Aristolochia bracteolata is a herb, Madhya pradesh, Uttar pradesh, West Bengal, South India, Srilanka
Morphology– This is a small herb growing to a height of 1-2 feet and is found all over India in the temperate climate. The stem is smooth and little twining. The branches are sharp and small. The leaves are 2-3 inch long, kidney shaped and membranous. The under-surface has small meshlike structure. The flowers are purple colored, single, 1.5.2 inch long and covered with small hairy structures. The fruits are oval to round shape, 1 inch long. The seeds are triangular and flat.
Varieties: Sushruta 3 varities: Hiyavalli, kankushtha, Satyanasi
Aristolochia bracteolata, Artemisia maritima, Desmodium velutinum, Didymochlaena truncatula, Argemone mexicana,
Substitute/ Adulterant: Aristolochia indica
Phytochemicals: Leaves and fruit contain ceryl alcohol, aristolochic acid and beta-sitosterol. Roots contain aristolochic and Potassium chloride nitrates. It also contains bitter principle glucoside in nature named isoaristolochic and Allanton 0.05% alkaloid Aristoloclen, essential oil containing carbonyl compound and a small amount of an oil with above of Isovanilin.
Raspanchaka– Rasa– Tikta; Guna-Laghu, Ruksha, Tikshna; Virya– Ushna; Vipaka– Katu, Prabhava- Krimighana, dosha shamakta– Kaphavata shamak
Karma– Krimighana, Rogaghnata– Vishagana,Krimiroga, Sotharoga, Visham jwara, Twakvikara, kastaartava
Amayika Prayoga/Therapeutic Uses
External: 1) Anti-microbial, and possesses wound healing property. Leaf juice can be applied on non-healing wounds. Leaf paste is indicated for external application in Vicharchika type of skin diseases.
Internal: 1) Indicated in Fever (Vishamajvara / intermittent fever) (along with pepper powder).
2) Uterine stimulantl, indicated in Amenorrhea and in Dysmenorrhea
3) Seed increases urine production.
4) Ant helminthic and purgative. Root decoction is indicated in Helminthiasis.
Part used: Leaf, Root
Dose: Powder- 1 to 3 g, Decoction-50 to 100 ml, Fresh juice- 5 to 10 ml
Yoga/Formulations: Dravanthyadi taila
IUCN Status: Not listed
Research updates
1) Anti- microbial activity: The present study describes the antimicrobial activity of the acetone, ethanol and petroleum ether extracts of the leaves, stem and root of Aristolochia bracteolata Lam. using agar diffusion method against human pathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. In the present research, all the extracts were found to be effective against four human bacterial species, E. coli, P.aeruginosa, K.pneumoniae and B.aureus sensitive to all the plant extracts.
2) Anti-inflammatory action: Anti-inflammatory action with the ethanol extract of the leaves of the plant Aristolochia bracteolata showed significant action in wistar rats.
