Botanical Name : Tinospora cordifolia
Family : Menispermaceae
Introduction :
It is one of the non-controversial drug used in Ayurvedic medicine. It used for Grãhi, Väta hara, Dipaniya, Kapha-Raktahara and Vibandhahara , Medhya Rasayãnas
Names in different Indian languages :
English : Tinospora,gulancha tinospora
Hindi : Gulanca,giloy, amrta
Kannada : Amrtaballi,yuganiballi,madhuparni
Malayalam : Chittamrtu,amrtu
Sanskrit : Guduci,amrta
Tamil : Amrutavalli,cintilikkoti
Telugu : Tippantiga,amrta
Unani : Gilo,Gulanchaa. Sat-e-Gilo (extract)
Synonyms :
Ayurvedic, Guduuchi, Guduuchikaa, Guluuchi, Amrita, Amritaa, Amritalataa, Amritavalli, Chinnaruuhaa, Chinnodbhavaa, Madhuparni, Vatsaadani, Tantrikaa, Kundalini. Guduuchi sattva (extract), chakrika
Classification according to Charaka, Susrutha & Vagbhata :
Charaka : vayahathapana, daha prasamana, trshna nigraha, stanya sodhana
Susrutha : guducyadi, patoladi, valli pancamula, kakolyadi, aragvadhadi
Vagbhata : guducyadi, patoladi, aragvadhadi
Varieties & adulterants – (CV – controversy, AD – adulterants) :
1. Gudüci
2. Kandodbhavã Gudüci. – Tinospora sinensis / T. malabarica – [AD]
3. Padmã Guduci
4. T. Crispa – [CV]
Morphology :
T . cordifolia
It is a large climber with succulent, corky and grooved stems; branches possess slender pendulous fleshy roots.
Leaves- membranous, glabrous, 5-10 cm long, cordate; petiç.2.5-7 cm long.
Flowers- in racemes of about 5 cm; axillary, terminal or from the old wood, pale yellowish white in colour.
Fruits- carpels, dorsally convex, ventrally flat, size of a large pea.
Distribution & Habitat :
Both species are distributed almost throughout India.
Cultivation— Propagated by cuttings of stem. It can be grown in almost any types of soil and under varying climatic conditions.
Chemical constituents :
Berberine,columbin, chasmanthin, palmarin, tinosporon, tinosporic acid, tinosporol,diterpenoid , tinosporin ,Tinosporide ,cordifolide ,Tinosporidine ,beta sitosterol isolated stems; cordifol, heptacosaflol , octacosanol , furanoid diterpene, tinosporide , 1, 8-norclerodene glucosie— tinosporaside, glycosider, cordifolisides A-E and two phenyl propane glycosides ,Isocolumbin, tetrahydropalmatine, magnoflarine and palmatine
Properties :
Rasa – Tikta, Kasãya (leaf is considered as Madhura by Kaiyadeva)
Guna – Guru, Snigdha
Virya – Usna
Vipãka – Madhura
Karma : Tridosa amaka, Medhya, Rasãyan, Dipaniya, Grãhi, Medohara, Kadüghna, Jvara hara, Dãha-prasamana,antipyretic, diuretic, antiperiodic, anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic, spasmolytic, hypoglycaemic, hepatoprotective
Indication :
Jvara, Trsnã, Vtarakta, Pãndu, Kämalã, Dãha, Prameha, Kushta, Chardi, Krmi, Kandü, Raktãras, Medoroga, Visarpa, Kãsa, Jarã Vyãdhi.Fever, rheumatism, body pain, cold, skin disease, urinary tract infections, cough, asthma, diabetes, hyper lipidimea, seminal weakness, jaundice, ulcer, liver and spleen disorder
Part used :
Stem, leaf, areal roots.
Dosage :
Stem powder 3-6g; decoction (1/20) – 50-100 mI; Infusion (1/10) – 30-60 ml; fresh juice 10-20m1; Gudüci Sattva 1-2g;
Internal uses :
Digestive system: Useful in thirst, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, liver disorders. jaundice, acid-peptic disorder, dysentery and worms. It increases appetite.
Circulatory system : Raktavahasrotogami. Guduchi satva is effective in cardiac debility, blood — disorders. rheumatoid arthritis, splenomegaly. gout and anaemia.
Respiratory system : Useful in cough
Reproductive system : Aphrodisiac being shukragami. snigdha and madhur vipak.
Urinary system : Effective in prameha, mainly in diabetes and disorders of urinary bladder.
Skin : It is used in skin disorders like dermatomes and erysipelas etc. It is also useful in syphilitic ulcer.
Temperature : Juice of Guduci is used in chronic lever and typhoid fever. It reduces burning. normalizes temperature, improves appetite and increases the strength.
Satmikaran : Useful in weakness and good rasayana for all seven dhatus.
Important Yogas or Formulations:
Guduchyadi churna, Guduchyadi kwath. Guduci swathva, Ameutarishta, Guduchi Taila
Therapeutic Uses :
1. Medhya.— The fresh juice of Guduci (20m1 twice daily) may be used (C.S.Ci.1/1).
2. Jvara.—
(a) Guduci Svarasa (juice) + Satãvari svarass equal parts (l0 ml each) are mixed together and given along with jaggary in vãta jvara (S.S.Ut. 39/174)2.
(b) Decoction prepared with Guduci, Parpata & Amalaki (500- l00 ml) may be administered in case of Pitta Jvara (Ha. Sam.3/ 2/71).
3. Prameha— Guduci Svarasa with honey (A.H.Ci.1216)4.
4. Slipada— Guduci Svarasa along with ginger oil (Taila) is given orally (C.D.42/1 6).
5. Amlapitta— Leaves of Gudüci, Nimba and Patola are made into juice and administered along with honey (B. P.Ci.10/16)’.
6. Chardi— Gudüci Hima Kasãya may be given orally along with honey (Bha.Pra,Ci. 17/21).
7. Vãtarakta— Chronic administration of Guduci in either juice or paste or powder or decoction form will definitely cure Vãtarakta (B.P.Ci. 29/41 & V. M. 23/10)
